![]() ![]() According to UNSCEAR, a total of 540 atmospheric tests were performed with an overall output of 440 Mt. Following a treaty between the USA, UK and USSR, the tests were halted in 1963. Atmospheric nuclear weapon testing that started to be performed in 1945 had the greatest impact on the contamination of the Northern hemisphere by anthropogenic radionuclides. However, they may be introduced there by human activity. INTRODUCTIONĪnthropogenic radionuclides arise as a result of human activities and with a few exceptions do not naturally occur in the environment. This finding shall be verified by ground water analysis and evaluation of further data in the next project phase. In terms of ground water vulnerability, it seems that ground water is fairly well protected from 137Cs penetration. There are potential other impacts that could affect the transport of 137Cs. ![]() The depth in the third site was even 80 cm. The depth where 137Cs measurable activity was reached was estimated at 30 cm or 35 cm in two sites. However, a minor part of 137Cs can be transported deeper over time. Hence, 137Cs has a very slow migration rate and is mostly strongly bound in soil. These maximum values were detected in the top soil layer (up to 10 cm). The highest 137Cs activity in the three sites ranged between 21.0 Bq The results show that 137Cs radionuclide contamination is still measurable in soil. Furthermore, certain soil properties (soil texture, humus content) were determined. In order to determine vertical migration of anthropogenic radionuclides, soil samples were collected up to the depth of 100 cm and subsequently analysed using the gamma-ray spectrometry. Three sites with a different land cover were included (forest, meadow and arable land). The paper summarises results of vertical migration of 137Cs in soil in selected sites, performed as part of collecting data for ground water vulnerability assessment. In the past, the environment of the Czech Republic was contaminated with anthropogenic radionuclides as a result of atmospheric nuclear weapon testing and the Chernobyl accident. ![]()
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